Introduction: Neurogenic shock, a type of distributive shock, manifests as a combination of hypotension, bradycardia, and other indicators of autonomic nervous system malfunction particularly at or above the T6 level. Neurogenic shock can be challenging to diagnose as its symptoms can overlap or coexist with other types of shock, further complicating diagnosis. Furthermore, neurogenic shock and spinal shock are often confused, despite differences in their treatment. This confusion can lead to inefficient treatment strategies and potentially adverse outcomes. Understanding neurogenic shock is important, as it allows for effective and timely intervention. By identifying understanding the symptoms and underlying mechanisms, providers can implement appropriate treatments to stabilize patients and prevent further complications.
Methods: For the purposes of this review we conducted a thorough literature review involves systematically identifying, evaluating, and synthesizing relevant research to provide a comprehensive overview. 5278 papers were initially selected and sorted through with a two step parsing method. Of these, 127 contained directly relevant information and were used in the development of this project.
Results: Guidelines regarding treatment of neurogenic shock have changed over recent decades but the principles have remained relatively consistent. While there is always new information, the precise definition of the condition has remained vague. This ongoing ambiguity can sometimes complicate diagnosis and management, highlighting the need for further research to refine our understanding of this complex physiological state.
Conclusion : The review achieves its primary goal of providing a comprehensive analysis of our current understanding of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of neurogenic shock. Furthermore, it points out shortcomings in our understanding such as unclear definitions of neurogenic shock across different papers. From here, further research is necessary in order to shed more light on areas of improvement regarding the treatment and diagnosis of neurogenic shock.
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